Chrysanthemums, affectionately known as mums, are the unsung heroes of the fall garden. Their rich hues, dense blossoms, and easy-going nature make them a favorite among garden enthusiasts. But while they’re relatively low-maintenance, getting them to truly bloom bigger requires a bit of know-how.
Whether you’re growing them in containers, flower beds, or using them as seasonal showstoppers on your porch, this comprehensive guide will help you master the art of chrysanthemum care—from choosing the right variety to overwintering tips. Ready to turn your mums into the envy of the neighborhood?
Choosing the Right Chrysanthemum
Garden Mum or Florist Mum?
Before planting, it’s crucial to know what type of mum you’re dealing with.
- Garden Mums (Hardy Mums):
Best for outdoor planting. They return year after year if properly cared for and are more tolerant of the cold. - Florist Mums:
Typically used for decorative indoor arrangements. These aren’t bred for outdoor survival and won’t rebloom outdoors the following year.
Want blooms that last beyond one season? Opt for hardy garden mums.
The Ideal Growing Conditions
Where Should You Plant Your Mums?
Chrysanthemums are sun-loving plants. Without at least 6 hours of sunlight daily, they can become leggy and sparse.
- Soil Requirements:
- Well-draining soil is key.
- Enrich soil with compost or organic matter to promote healthy root development.
- Aim for a slightly acidic to neutral pH (6.5–7.0).
- Watering Tips:
- Water regularly, especially during dry spells.
- Avoid overwatering, which can lead to root rot.
- Water at the base to keep foliage dry and prevent fungal issues.
Planting Your Chrysanthemums
When Is the Best Time to Plant Mums?
- Spring planting is ideal—it allows roots time to establish before winter.
- Fall mums can still thrive, but treat them as annuals if planted late in the season.
Step-by-Step Planting Guide:
- Choose a sunny location with good drainage.
- Dig a hole twice as wide as the root ball.
- Mix compost into the existing soil.
- Plant at the same depth the mum was in its pot.
- Water thoroughly after planting.
Pinching for Bigger Blooms
What Is Pinching, and Why Does It Matter?
Pinching is the secret weapon to fuller, bushier mums.
How to do it:
- Start pinching in late spring or early summer.
- Once plants reach 6 inches tall, pinch off the top 1–2 inches of each stem.
- Repeat every 2–3 weeks until mid-July.
Why it works:
- Encourages the plant to branch out.
- Results in more stems, and more stems mean more blooms.
Missed the pinching window? Don’t worry—you’ll still get flowers, just fewer and possibly taller or leggier ones.
Feeding Your Mums
What Kind of Fertilizer Should You Use?
Mums are hungry bloomers! Feed them regularly to get those big, vibrant flowers.
- Use a balanced fertilizer (10-10-10) early in the growing season.
- Switch to a bloom booster (like 5-10-10) as buds start to form.
Pro Tip: Always water after fertilizing to prevent root burn.
Deadheading & Pruning
Should You Deadhead Mums?
Absolutely! Removing spent blooms keeps your mums tidy and encourages more flowering.
How to deadhead:
- Snip off faded blooms just above the next set of leaves.
- Avoid removing healthy foliage—it’s still feeding the plant.
What about after flowering?
- In colder zones, allow the plant to die back naturally after the first frost.
- Cut back stems in early spring (not fall), as the dead growth provides winter protection.
Pest and Disease Management
What Pests and Diseases Should You Watch For?
Even the toughest mums can run into trouble.
Common Pests:
- Aphids
- Spider mites
- Leaf miners
Common Diseases:
- Powdery mildew
- Rust
- Botrytis (gray mold)
Preventive Measures:
- Space plants well for air circulation.
- Water at the base to avoid wet foliage.
- Use neem oil or insecticidal soap for pests.
- Remove affected leaves immediately to stop disease spread.
Overwintering Your Mums
Can Mums Survive the Winter?
Hardy mums can overwinter successfully with a little help.
How to overwinter garden mums:
- After the first hard frost, mulch heavily (4–6 inches) around the base.
- Leave dead stems until spring—they protect the crown.
- In spring, cut back the old stems and remove mulch gradually.
In colder zones (USDA 4–6):
- Consider digging up and potting your mums.
- Store them in an unheated garage or basement.
- Keep them lightly watered through winter dormancy.
Growing Mums in Containers
Can You Grow Big, Beautiful Mums in Pots?
Absolutely! Container mums add instant seasonal flair to patios and porches.
Tips for thriving potted mums:
- Use a container with drainage holes.
- Choose light, well-draining potting mix.
- Water regularly—potted mums dry out faster.
- Feed every 2 weeks during active growth.
- Move pots into partial shade during intense heat.
End-of-season tip:
Don’t toss your container mums! You can transplant them into the ground before the first frost for a chance at perennial growth.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Why Aren’t My Mums Blooming?
Here are some possible reasons:
- Too little sun – Mums need at least 6 hours of sunlight daily.
- Late pinching – Pinching too late can delay or prevent blooming.
- Excess nitrogen – Too much fertilizer can encourage foliage but limit flowers.
- Overcrowding – Lack of air circulation can lead to disease and weak plants.
Avoid these pitfalls, and your mums will reward you with blooms galore.